Selection marker – A selection marker enables the experimenter to successfully identify cells that have been positively transfected or transduced with the vector. Additionally, polyadenylation is essential for the nuclear export of the mRNA into the cytosol and the translation of the protein by ribosomes. Incorporating the polyA signal in a vector results in polyadenylation of the mRNA which protects the mRNA from being degraded by nucleases and phosphatases. PolyA signal – polyA stands for polyadenylation signal sequence and is responsible for the transcription termination and polyadenylation of the transcript produced from the upstream ORF sequence. When multiple proteins are needed to be expressed simultaneously, ORFs corresponding to those proteins can be placed under the same promoter separated by linkers to be expressed as a polycistron.
The ORF is vital for expression vectors and is placed downstream of the promoter. ORF – ORF stands for the open reading frame of the user’s GOI which is ultimately translated into functional protein. Additionally, promoters can be of variable strengths (weak, medium or strong) based on the level of target gene expression that can be achieved by them. Promoters can be either ubiquitous, driving gene expression in all cell types, or they can be tissue-specific, driving gene expression only in specific cell types. The selection of the promoter for a vector depends on the desired location and level of target gene expression.
Promoter – The promoter is a critical component of all expression vectors since it drives transcription of the GOI lying downstream of it. Easy user account management- save and share your vectors.
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